Septoplasty of the nasal septum. What is laser, endoscopic, radio wave Postoperative period, consequences

Violation of the natural physiology of the respiratory system affects the activity of the whole organism. To correct the existing curvature of the nasal septum, septoplasty is performed. The operation belongs to the field of ENT therapy. The cost of the operation is set taking into account the duration and complexity of the process.

What it is

Septoplasty is called the correction of problems of the nasal septum. An otolaryngologist corrects bone and cartilage tissue inside the cavity. Surgical intervention is performed strictly according to indications. When the patient is guided by aesthetic considerations, you need to contact a plastic surgeon.

Septoplasty of the nasal cavity is necessary to eliminate the deformation of the septum.

Curvature disrupts the distribution of air masses. Inside the nose, pressure is created during inspiration. Also, curvature can provoke the occurrence of other diseases.

The reasons for the appearance of curvature:

• injury
• transferred rickets;
• heredity;
• structural features of the bones of the skull.

Septoplasty will help correct these defects. This is a method of surgical intervention. If necessary, it is combined with other types of rhinoplasty.

Types of operation

The doctor chooses a recovery method depending on the complexity of the problem. An important influence on the choice is exerted by the type of deformation.

Views:

• laser;
• endoscopic;
• open
• radio wave;
• ultrasound.

Laser is used for small changes. It is carried out bloodlessly, thanks to a minimal laser effect on the tissue. The beam seals the cut vessels. As a result of bleeding is not observed.

Surgery is performed under local anesthesia.

A video endoscope helps the otolaryngologist to monitor work. The recovery period lasts 1-2 days. Endoscopic is considered a minimally invasive correction method. The surgeon inserts a special probe with a backlight into the nasal cavity. The tool is equipped with a camera that displays an image on a monitor.

The surgeon, approaching the septum, makes incisions, then removes the deformed areas. Surgery is performed under local freezing, general anesthesia. The advantage of the method is quick recovery. Open is used to eliminate pronounced defects, such as a crooked nose, large tumors, bone spike.

This type is often combined with rhinoplasty for the desired aesthetic result. During radio wave septoplasty, the surgeon makes small incisions on the surface of the mucosa, then a deformed septum is removed, an adjustment is made, and cartilage returns. An otolaryngologist uses a video endoscope and a radio knife in his work. This type of operation does not provoke blood flow.

Unlike laser septoplasty, bone structure is corrected. Ultrasonic helps eliminate strong curvature. Ultrasound quickly dissects the mucous membrane, seals blood vessels, destroys growths. Surgery is without blood loss.

Degree of difficulty

There are 3 categories:

• 1 degree – a slight curvature of the septum;
• 2 degree is established when the cartilage is significantly deformed, there are spikes, protrusions;
• Grade 3 is marked by severe deformation of the cartilage plate, when there is fragmentation, perforation.

In medical practice, there are 4 types of deformation:

1. C-shaped – a nose with a hump, the cause of which is considered to be transmission at the gene level.
2. S-shaped – appears as a result of injury, in rare cases, transmitted by inheritance.
3. The posterior-anterior S-shaped – refers to congenital malformations and is more difficult to correct than others. Correction takes place in several passes: first, breathing is adjusted, then the sense of smell, then speech.
4. Curvature directed to the lower, upper jaw – straightens with a combination of measures. Sometimes the bite is additionally corrected.

Correction is carried out only surgically, regardless of the degree and type of deformation.

Indications

Septoplasty of the nasal septum eliminates problems in the work of organs. A slight deformation is invisible from the side. If nothing bothers, you can not go to the clinic.

The reasons for appeal are:

1. Deformation of the nasal septum.
2. Difficulty breathing.
3. Snore.
4. Frequent diseases of the ENT organs.
5. Dry mucosa.
6. Frequent bleeding.

When the structure of the septum is broken, difficulties arise associated with the respiratory process: a person snores in a dream, feels dry. At the same time, the sinuses are exposed to frequent diseases – sinusitis, allergic rhinitis are constantly worried. The latter appears as a result of compensatory curvature. Subsequently, hypertrophy of the nasal concha develops.

The listed symptoms indicate not only the curvature of the nasal septum. To clarify the diagnosis, you need to make an appointment with an otolaryngologist for advice, and take tests. If the diagnosis is confirmed, you will need surgery that will relieve problems.

Contraindications

The curvature of the nasal septum can lead to a deterioration in the quality of life, since the respiratory process is interrupted, because of this, heart failure can subsequently develop, the brain and metabolic processes are disturbed. A small surgical intervention can get rid of these problems, however, it is not always possible to carry it out.

Contraindications:

• acute infectious diseases;
• diseases of the internal organs of a chronic nature;
• pregnancy, lactation;
• oncology, diabetes;
• mental disorder;
• poor blood coagulability;
• age less than 18 years.

Age is a relative prohibition of surgery. The reason is the growth and development of bone-cartilaginous tissue. The operation can provoke a violation of the symmetry of the face. The process is completed by 16 years.

A young man under the age of 18 cannot be operated on, but in special cases the operation is performed from the age of 7. Septoplasty is not recommended after 60 years, but the doctor agrees to take risks if there are serious indications.

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of laser surgery:

• low risk of injury;
• minimal risk
  of complications, blood poisoning;
• duration
• lack of edema;
• passes without loss of blood;
• no suturing required;
• fast rehabilitation period;
• breathing is restored after 2-3 days.

Disadvantages:

• the laser is not used for S-shaped deformation;
• high price;
• correction is carried out only to correct cartilage;
• many contraindications.

Advantages of endoscopic septoplasty:

• small damage to cartilage;
• endoscope operation control;
• great success with C and S-shaped deformation;
• seams are placed in the lower zone of the aisles.

Minuses:

• • the procedure takes longer than a laser;
  • large blood loss;
  • there is a chance of infection;
  • there is a danger of injury;

• there is the possibility of postoperative complications;
• breathing is restored 5-7 days.

Possible risks:

• restoration of nasal obstruction;
• discoloration of the skin;
• scarring;
• sensitivity change;
• accumulation of fluid;
• asymmetry.

What is included in the procedure

Septoplasty includes excision, reconstruction of the nasal septum, cartilage, and bone structure. Surgery occurs under local, general anesthesia. The surgeon works through the nostrils. External cuts are not done. Only curvatures are removed, the main part of the nose is not affected.

Cost

If the patient has indications, surgery is free of charge in public institutions. When conducting an operation in private clinics, the price depends on the qualifications of the medical staff, the level, category of the institution, and the length of stay in the hospital.

Factors affecting the price:

• diagnosis;
• stage of the disease;
• operation method.

If the surgery is unsuccessful, additional manipulation will be required. Its value is determined privately. On average, it will be 50% more expensive than the first. Explains this by a complex technique. If the operation is required due to the fault of the surgeon, the elimination of the consequences will occur free of charge: the clinic will cover all costs.

Preparation for surgery

The decision to conduct surgical operations is made by the otolaryngologist. He examines the nasal cavity, examines the data of computed tomography. The patient comes for a consultation with x-rays of the sinuses. If the doctor gives an opinion on the surgical intervention, the day before the clinic is fully examined.

Standard preparations for surgery include:

• therapist examination;
• consultation of an anesthetist;
• laboratory tests (total blood, urine, antibodies to hepatitis viruses, HIV, RW);
• ECG;
• chest x-ray.

Having consented to surgery, the following regimen must be observed:

• quit smoking in 3 weeks;
• stop drinking alcohol in 2 weeks;
• 14 days before surgery do not take medications;
• 7-10 days the day before not be exposed to ultraviolet rays.

The examination gives a complete assessment of the patient’s health status. The doctor, based on the data obtained, selects anesthesia, reveals the presence of contraindications. Compliance with the regime will facilitate the postoperative period. The risk of complications will decrease.

Anesthesia

Surgery is performed under local freezing, general anesthesia. The first option is chosen if the curvature of the septal cartilage is corrected. Stops on it with laser correction. Sometimes local anesthesia is supplemented with sedatives.

The second variant of anesthesia is administered intravenously. It is used if the nasal septum is corrected. General anesthesia is used when septoplasty is combined with rhinoplasty.

The choice of anesthesia depends on:

• type of operational actions;
• degree of deformation;
• individual characteristics of the patient.

These questions are clarified at the preparatory stage.

What is needed in the hospital

Septoplasty of the nasal septum is planned in advance. Therefore, there is time to prepare for a visit to the clinic.

With you need to take:

• passport;
• personal hygiene items;
• replaceable shoes;
• clothes.

In most cases, this is enough. The medical institution provides patients with everything necessary.

Septoplasty and vasotomy

Septoplasty of the nasal septum with vasotomy of the lower cavities is performed according to individual patient indications. A complex event is often carried out with vasomotor rhinitis, when the mucous membrane looks edematous, thickened, the slightest touch causes irritation. Surgery is performed on the lower shells.

The use of two techniques at the same time facilitates nasal breathing. Rehabilitation after combined surgery lasts longer. Vasotomy plus septoplasty are quite difficult. Surgery is performed under general anesthesia. The patient remains in the clinic for rehabilitation for 3 days.

If complications do not appear, further recovery continues at home. Combined intervention reduces the risk of injuries inside the aisles. Also, you do not have to go through the recovery period twice.

Operation progress – step by step

Surgical intervention is performed under general, local, combined anesthesia, depending on the type of change in the nasal septum.

Algorithm of actions:

1. A small incision is made.
2. Soft tissue is separated from the bone-cartilage frame.
3. The partition is straightened.
4. Excess tissue is removed.
5. Bone fragments are displaced.
6. A new tissue position is fixed.
7. Stitches are sutured.

Gauze swabs are inserted into the nostrils. They fix the position and stop the bleeding.

Where and how do cuts

Cuts are made only inside, near the septum between the nostrils. The type of offset determines the choice of instrument.

The incision is made:

• with a scalpel;
• radio knife
• a laser beam;
• ultrasound.

The last two immediately sealed vessels. Blood flow does not appear.

How long does the operation

The duration of the intervention depends on the nature of the difficulty. Normally, the surgical process takes from 30 minutes to 3-4 hours.

How long does the hospital stay

If the surgery went smoothly, 2-3 days are enough to stay in the clinic. Physical activity is maximally limited, it is necessary to observe bed rest. Then the patient is discharged and visits the medical institution to monitor the condition during the rehabilitation period.

Rehabilitation period

The recovery period takes place individually. The patient must follow the doctor’s recommendations, monitor changes in health. In the early days, pain may be disturbing, swelling and hematomas often appear.

Possible increase in temperature. 2-3 days after surgery it is better to spend in a hospital where anti-inflammatory, painkillers and antibiotics are administered in a timely manner.

To relieve puffiness, the doctor prescribes Oxymethazoline.

Features of the mode:

1. Tampons remain in the sinuses for 2–3 days. You can’t touch them. You can only breathe through the mouth.
2. Nasal breathing is restored after 5-7 days. It is necessary to refrain from sneezing, intensive hygiene of the nose.
3. Daily it is necessary to carry out washing of the sinuses with saline.
4. For 2-3 weeks, you need to refuse to wear glasses, any loads, spicy food, hardware cosmetology, thermal procedures.

The final healing of tissues occurs after a month. The patient does not need bed rest. Foods consumed remain the same, but the dishes should not be very hot.

Possible complications

Septoplasty of the nasal septum rarely leads to complications. Pain, swelling pass in 2 weeks. The uncomfortable state disappears towards the end of the recovery period.

Possible complications:

• bleeding;
• septum perforation;
• the appearance of adhesions;
• mechanical damage;
• loss of sensation;
• inflammation, hematomas.

Bleeding occurs due to the patient’s fault. If he, for example, drank an alcoholic drink, often bent over, slept on his stomach. The blood flow most often appears at the beginning of the recovery period.

The main complication is perforation of the septum when an opening forms in the cartilage. To eliminate it, reconstructive septoplasty is required. Adhesions appear in the places of cuts. If the patient does not feel discomfort, you can not worry about their existence. Otherwise, excision should be performed.

Mechanical damage occurs due to the fault of the doctor. Inaccurate actions during surgery lead to damage to neighboring tissues. Care should be taken in selecting a clinic to avoid this.

If nerve endings are damaged, tissue sensitivity is lost. She is recovering on her own, but this period can drag on for years.
Hematomas disappear after 2-3 weeks. If the infection managed to get inside, antibiotic therapy is carried out.

Because of which the risk of complications increases

The consequences are practically excluded with highly qualified specialists, proper training. Respiratory difficulties are observed after surgery for several days. This phenomenon is considered temporary and does not apply to complications. Gradually, breathing difficulties go away.

An increase in the risk of consequences is associated with:

• tissue injury after surgery;
• infection in an unhealed wound;
• technically improperly performed surgical intervention;
• non-compliance with aseptic conditions in the operating room;
• incorrectly performed dressing at an early stage after surgery;
• non-compliance by the patient with the prescribed regimen;
• the presence of chronic diseases that affect the immune system, the general condition of the skin;
• inflammatory process of the mucosa, which is in the stage of exacerbation or remission.

Measures to prevent the development of complications:

• strict adherence to a diet;
• rejection of bad habits;
• conducting examinations to identify contraindications for surgical intervention;
• the use of sterile material for dressings;
• the use of wound healing ointments;
• conducting antibiotic therapy when detecting symptoms of infection;
• the use of blood clotting agents.

On the first day after surgery, tampons are inserted into the nasal passages. They absorb protruding blood, if any, inhibit the flow of air masses from penetrating inside. To prevent the formation of adhesions, breathing exercises are recommended.

What to do if the operation fails

A small number of surgical interventions can be considered unsuccessful. The patient’s behavior, compliance with the doctor’s prescriptions, and the qualifications of the doctor himself influence the quality of the actions taken. An important role is played by the anatomical features of the patient. If, after surgery, the shape of the nose is deformed, a second correction is needed.

It is also necessary when the partition remains curved. This occurs with insufficient fixation of the cartilage. When planning surgery, the patient should present the expected result. The operation eliminates breathing problems if they interfere with a full life. When a patient wants to change the shape of the nose, he must know what specific form he needs.

For surgery to be successful, you must responsibly approach the choice of the clinic, doctor, read reviews.

Do not chase the low price. It is necessary to pay attention to the equipment.

The consequences of unsuccessful surgery are corrected in 3 ways:

• repeated operation;
• simple correction;
• contour plastic.

  

The first option is carried out with serious complications. It is performed under general anesthesia and is a complete open / closed surgery. Repeated intervention is more difficult. Large excision of the tissue makes it difficult to achieve the desired result.

Often eliminate the effects of corrective rhinoplasty. Unforeseen complications appear during rehabilitation. They are associated with the anatomy of the nose, so corrective manipulations are included in the list of mandatory. Thanks to the correction, breathing is stabilized, minor errors are eliminated, scars are removed.

Contour plastic gives a temporary effect. After 6 months or a year, you will have to repeat the procedure, but the method is painless. With it, you can smooth the tip of the nose, create symmetry, eliminate minor humps.

What to do with a cold after surgery < /span>

Infection with colds after surgery has unpleasant consequences. The recovery period lasts longer than usual, and self-medication is strictly prohibited. When the first symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections appear, you need to contact the clinic where the operation took place. Cold treatment should be supervised by a doctor who has made the correction.

Often repeated surgery is performed. The doctor will put another plate. Cartilage is taken from the ear. If the cold is “mild”, it is enough to raise immunity. You can not tolerate the disease on your legs, you need to take a sick leave and lie down. It should be warm, sweat. When the temperature is below 38 degrees, they do not knock it down. You need to drink liquid with lemon, eat chocolate, grapes.

Septoplasty is performed to correct the curvature of the nasal septum. As a result, free breathing is restored, the left and right sides of the nose become symmetrical and all associated problems disappear.

Septoplasty nasal septoplasty video

How is the operation and rehabilitation after it: