Acne treatment on the face. Cosmetics, antibiotics, vitamins, hormones

Acne is an inflammatory process on the skin of the face, provoked by various external or internal factors. Drugs for treatment are selected depending on the form and severity of acne .

Inflammatory, non-inflammatory and post-inflammatory forms of acne

Pathology is divided into several forms and types, depending on the course of the process and manifestations. A non-inflammatory form of pathology is expressed in the formation of comedones – patches on the skin in the form of small spherical forms filled with secretions of the sebaceous glands. The passage to the papule is practically absent or absent completely.

Subsequently, under increasing pressure, the foci break into the internal tissue of the skin, forming a papule. Milium (whiteheads) – tiny formations on the skin resulting from excessive secretion of the sebaceous glands – also belong to the group of non-inflammatory forms of acne.

In the absence of timely therapy, papules develop into a closed form of an inflammatory phenomenon called rosacea or rosacea. Over time, purulent masses are formed in the papule – pustules. When the process moves deeper into the pore, a complicated form of acne, phlegmous acne, forms at the site of the pustules.

The type of inflammatory acne includes scarring acne, keloid, fulminant. With incorrect treatment of acne or the absence of therapy, post-inflammatory traces (post-acne) in the form of red or pale pink micro-scars appear at the site of inflammatory foci.

Classification of Acne by Age of Man

Acne can occur at any age, regardless of gender.

Pathology is divided into 2 categories – youthful acne and age. 1st type – acne vulgaris. It occurs in adolescence and youth. Mostly affects the male part of the population. A distinctive feature is the development against the background of acne seborrhea.

Classification:

• Papules. Miniature nodules with a red tint. Purulent contents are absent. Such a species develops over a period of 12 days, after which it disappears, leaving small traces that eventually fade and disappear.
  
  
• Pustules. Dense clusters, in the center of which are balls with purulent contents. They form on their own or when the infection enters the papules. Over time, they tighten, leaving bluish spots.
• Abscessive acne. Formed upon opening pustules. At the site of the outbreak remain microtubes. Most develop in people prone to dermatoses.
• Phlegmonous acne. Flat formations on the surface of the skin with pronounced signs of hyperemia and swelling.

The second type (age). It is called acne adultorum. Mostly observed in people from 40 years old.

Classification:

• Late acne. Rashes are characteristic of the female half of the population. They are formed before the onset of menstruation, pass independently at the end of the cycle. They can signal internal sexual problems.
• Spherical. Plentiful conglomeration of cystic eels, in place of which after opening there are numerous scars and microscars. The process in the vast majority of cases develops in men prone to seborrhea.
• Pyodermatitis. Comedones with the development of acne are absent. Formations merge with each other. Regeneration processes can be delayed and take at least a year.
• Anabolic acne. It develops against the background of the use of anabolic, corticosteroid drugs.

A specialist in cosmetology or dermatology can determine a specific type of pathology through a visual examination.

Types of treatment depending on the type of acne on the face

Treatment of acne on the face, drugs and other methods of exposure are selected individually depending on the form and degree of neglect of acne.

Perhaps in several ways:

• Drug therapy. It is indicated for mild to moderate lesions. The drugs are effective in combating comedones, papules, pustules, phlegmatic acne. As agents, macrolides and tetracyclines for oral administration are prescribed. Medicines suppress the vital activity of pathogenic flora, contributing to the relief of inflammatory processes. To restore the hormonal background, oral contraceptives based on estrogens and gestagens are prescribed. Vitamin complex (vitamin A, B, C) helps to accelerate the regeneration of the skin. Antibiotics may also be used. However, these funds are prescribed only by a specialist, taking into account the course of the disease and the individual characteristics of the human body.
• Topical preparations. They are used for papules, pustules, phlegmous acne, and also help to cope with comedones. Eliminates inflammation and dries out foci of acne, salicylic acid, zinc ointment, products that include benzyl peroxide. In severe cases, local antibiotics may be needed – clindomycin, erythromycin. The effect of the use of such drugs is observed after 1-3 months of therapy.
  
  
• Mechanical cleaning, peeling. These procedures can be applied only in the presence of non-inflammatory acne rashes. Sessions are carried out manually or by means of special devices (vacuum cleaning). Chemical peels based on fruit acids are highly effective. It is not recommended to use this method if there are micro scars on the skin.
• Laser exposure. It is used for inflammatory forms of acne. Effective against micro-scars and age spots.
• Phototherapy.

Some procedures and treatment methods have contraindications, which is why it is recommended to consult a specialist before use.

Acne open and closed

The treatment of acne on the face, the drugs for which are selected after determining the exact form of the pathological process, is carried out using means, both local and systemic. The most effective are retinoids – retinol acetate, Differin.

With the development of a tendency to inflammatory processes and infection, antiparasitic and antifungal agents are prescribed – Zentel, Triplet. Among local preparations, lotions based on bisabolol, oak bark, pharmacy chamomile, and zinc ointment are very effective.

Mixed form – acne and acne

With mixed types, it is recommended to carry out ozone therapy and use various lotions for local treatment of the affected area. Thus, powdered tablets of trichopolum and levomycetin (10: 2 ratio) must be mixed with calendula tincture. Apply until completely cured.

Among the gels, it is recommended to use Skinoren, Baziron, Dermazin. Ointments – zinc, sulfur, salicylic. With a defeat by demodex, a whole range of measures m
ay be necessary, including dietary nutrition and adjustment of the psychoemotional background.

Acne only

For acne, topical salicylic acid based products are effective – lotions, chatters, salicylic ointment. Oral preparations may be prescribed. Antibiotics are usually not prescribed. The scheme is developed depending on the reason. In case of failures in the hormonal system, steroid agents can be used.

Cystic and nodular forms

The main remedy for lesions of the cystic or nodular form of acne is benzoyl peroxide. The tool can be used in any of the available forms.

Treatment of acne on the face of pristine or nodular forms of rashes can be carried out using a special drug – Isotretinoin. For systemic use, injectable solutions of corticosteroids are used.

The most effective acne treatments in cosmetology

Depending on the form and severity of acne, certain drugs are selected.

Only a specialist should deal with the appointment of the drug, since an incorrectly selected method of treatment can cause complications and will only increase the manifestations of acne.

Hormones

Steroid drugs are prescribed only in severe forms, accompanied by infectious or inflammatory processes. In other cases, hormonal therapy by external means on the face is not carried out due to the development of side effects or the so-called withdrawal syndrome.

List of funds:

• Advantan. It is produced in the form of oily ointment. The active substance is methylprednisone. It fights inflammation, has an antihistamine effect, and eliminates puffiness. It can be used in both adults and children. The tool is applied to the affected areas 1 time in knocking. The duration of treatment is no more than 10-12 weeks. It is contraindicated in case of acne, comedones. It can be used pointwise at the site of inflammation or infection strictly according to the doctor’s testimony. The cost of $ 4 – $ 5.
• Akriderm. Available in the form of ointments for external use. It has anti-inflammatory and antipruritic effect, is effective for allergic dermatitis. Used locally 1 time per day. The drug is contraindicated in acne rash non-inflammatory form, black spots, comedones.

If there are contraindications, corticosteroid-free products are prescribed.

Antibiotics

Treatment of acne on the face, drugs in which are prescribed by a strictly treating dermatologist, can be carried out using antibacterial agents. The greatest therapeutic effect is for topical preparations.

Among the most effective, several similar forms are distinguished:

• Syntomycin ointment. The composition of the product includes castor oil and the antibiotic syntomycin. It is prescribed for acne, accompanied by a bacterial infection. Eliminates inflammatory reactions, inhibits the vital activity of pathogenic microflora. On the face they use point no more than 5-7 days.
• Doxycycline. Available in capsule form for oral administration. The active ingredient is doxycycline. Effective in acne eruptions of various forms. Assign 0.5 tablets 1 time per day. The duration of therapy is from 6 to 14 weeks. Contraindicated during pregnancy, as well as children under 12 years. Cost – $ 0,68 – $ 0,95.

If there is no result, you must stop using the product and consult a doctor.

Creams

This type of funds is selected individually for mild and moderate degrees of severity of acne lesions.

Preparations:

• Boro Plus. The cream fights with various bacterial and inflammatory processes. Regenerates damaged areas, soothes irritations. For people with increased oily skin, the cream must be used with great care. Apply to the face 2 times a day. It can be used in childhood and during pregnancy. The course of therapy is to the complete disappearance of all manifestations.
  
  
• Zinerite. The composition of the product includes zinc acetate and erythromycin – an antibiotic from the group of macrolides with a wide spectrum of action. The drug has a pronounced comedogenic effect. Disinfects, relieves irritation, eliminates inflammatory reactions. Allowed to use in childhood. Apply to pre-cleansed skin 1-2 times a day. Therapy should not exceed 2 weeks.

Before using creams that contain an antibiotic, it is recommended to consult a cosmetologist or dermatologist.

Vitamins

Vitamin complexes for acne are prescribed to restore the immune system and saturate the body with useful elements:

• Vitamin A has a regenerating effect, heals damaged areas. It can be used both internally and for topical treatment of problem skin.
• Vitamin E is prescribed in combination with vitamin A. It belongs to the group of retinoids, participates in the processes of skin regeneration, and exhibits an antioxidant effect. Eliminates inflammation and relieves swelling. Used in complex treatment in the form of tablets – Aevit.
• Vitamin C has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. It is used for various forms of acne. Fights infections and viruses.

Ointments

One of the most effective means for external use is Retinoic ointment. It is prescribed for cystic-nodular forms of acne, as well as in the treatment of rosacea. When applied, it causes slight irritation or burning. Apply to the affected area 1-2 times a day. The drug is contraindicated in case of allergic reactions to the skin.

Roaccutane. A potent drug based on retinoids. It is prescribed by a treating specialist for serious and complex forms of acne. It has many side effects. It is not prescribed in the presence of allergies. Apply 1-2 times a day. The course of treatment depends on the severity.

Degreasing agents

home-made talkers, infusions and lotions help reduce excessive production of sebaceous glands, which allows you to narrow pores and dry out existing rashes.

Salicylic acid. It is applied locally with a cotton swab. Apply pointwise to each boil 1-2 times a day. The tool helps to reduce inflammation, dry and disinfect the affected area. Infusion may cause short-term burning. Apply very carefully, since tincture can lead to burns.

Tincture of calendula. Relieves inflammation, fights infections, dries, helps reduce oily skin. It is applied pointwise with a cotton swab or stick 1-2 times a day.

Cosmetical tools
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Treatment of acne on the face, drugs in which may belong to the group of cosmetics, should be carried out after consultation with a cosmetologist.

Antibacterial foam is a multicomponent cosmetic product for problem skin from the series “Pharmaceutical cosmetics of the Dead Sea”. Effective for acne, blackheads, comedones. The composition includes zinc, aloe vera, extracts of sage, chamomile, calendula and more than 20 useful minerals. Reduces oily skin, dries, can be used as a prophylaxis.

Janssen Cosmetics is a natural product based on yeast components from Germany. It has anti-inflammatory and immunocorrective effects. Eliminates oily sheen, regulates the sebaceous glands. It is used for various forms of acne. Cost – from $ 27 – $ 33. for the tool.

Antiandrogens

With acne caused by hormonal changes, antiandrogen drugs are often used.

Diane-35 is a combined hormonal contraceptive based on estrogen. Effective in the treatment of acne, prevents the formation of new acne. Contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation. Take 1 capsule daily, starting from the 1st and ending on the 25th day of menstruation. The scheme is developed by a specialist based on the course of pathology.

Janine is a contraceptive that belongs to the group of gestagenic and estrogenic drugs. Suppresses excessive production of male sex hormones, provoking the development of acne rashes. It has multiple contraindications, mandatory consultation is required. Standard application: 1 tablet 1 time per day for 3 weeks.

Specific immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is prescribed when the clinical manifestations of acne and the immune system work. Weakened protective functions of the body can affect the reproduction of bacteria that provoke the disease.

Inadequate immunity can also cause the development of the disease. To treat acne and acne on the face, drugs belonging to the group of cytokines or cytomedines are often used.

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