Types of face peels in cosmetology for problem skin, rejuvenation. Which is better

In modern cosmetology, there are a variety of procedures that can improve the condition of the skin, inhibiting age-related processes. You can achieve high results and transform your face with peeling .

All of their facial types are aimed at restoring the epidermis by cleaning dead particles. The procedure stimulates cellular activity, improves metabolism, accelerates regenerative processes.

What is peeling

Peeling is a complex of methods that completely or fragmentally remove the keratinized layer in order to rejuvenate or correct external imperfections. Dead particles of the epidermis exfoliate, collagen or elastin begins to be synthesized in the cells, as a result of which young cells appear.

To rejuvenate and smooth the skin, cosmetologists use the technology of a cleansing mixture using trichloroacetic acid, phenol, resorcinol.

Types of face peels in cosmetology have the following purpose:

• cure acne, acne;
• refresh fading skin, restore its elasticity;
• eliminate external defects like scars, scars, striae;
• stop the appearance of facial wrinkles, smooth them;
• whiten hyperpigmentation, keratoma;
• eliminate papilloma.

The most popular cleansing areas are the face, neck, chest, and back. The effectiveness of the procedure is dictated by the method and penetration depth of the cleaning mixtures.

Use of the procedure for problematic, age-related facial skin

Complex cosmetic correction is not complete without peeling. It can be simultaneously used with injections, hardware techniques, enhancing their effect. On the adult epidermis, layers of keratinized cells are constantly formed, worsening the complexion, giving it fatigue.

Cleansing procedures have the following effect:

• contribute to the alignment of the relief of the skin;
• remove excess dirt;
• clean pores;
• increase elasticity;
• allow you to saturate the cells with oxygen;
• prevents early wrinkles;
• eliminates age spots.

The procedure does not do without subsequent self-care. It consists of a daily gentle cleansing of the epidermis, the use of a cream with UV protection.

Types of peeling in cosmetology by depth and type of action

The types of face peelings in cosmetology are also divided depending on the active ingredients and the method of exposure.

Salon cleaning processes are of two types:

• penetration depth – depends on the thickness of keratinized particles;
• execution technique – it has different methods of influencing the skin, products, components, equipment used during the session.

Human skin consists of the epidermis (surface layer), dermis, subcutaneous adipose tissue (deep layer). The main cells of the main layer of the dermis are fibroblasts. They are intended for the synthesis of collagen and elastin fibers.

Surface

It is carried out using lactic and fruit acids, does not penetrate into the deeper layers of the dermis, is safe. During the cleaning process, pain does not occur. The procedure is carried out with complex correction, since during cleansing, active substances from cosmetic products penetrate the skin faster.

In the first minutes after cleaning, the skin is reddened, peeling. After several days, keratinized cells begin to clump with layers, the pores are pulled together, and an internal dermis glow is observed.

Superficial peeling has the following effect:

• gives the face a healthy color;
• bleaches pigmentation;
• eliminates yellowness;
• aligns relief;
• reduces pronounced defects;
• prevents fine wrinkles.

The procedure is widely used to treat dry skin problems. For this, compounds with biostimulants, vitamins, bleaches, moisturizers are used. Active ingredients reduce the likelihood of inflammatory processes, swelling, burning.

Median

As a result of cleaning, all epidermal tissues are removed to the papillary layer. Purification is carried out using trichloroacetic, salicylic, retinoic acids.

It is forbidden to use peeling during the active phase of inflammatory processes on the dermis – cleaning will increase the spread of the rash.

Median peeling has the following effects:

• improved complexion;
• increased turgor of the dermis;
• pigmentation elimination;
• removal of scars, post-acne.

Cleaning sessions are categorically not recommended for women aged 35-50 years. Peeling is carried out in the autumn-spring period, during low sun activity. With strong ultraviolet radiation, there is a possibility of an increase in age spots after the procedure.

Deep

It is more painful, because during the session, the epidermal tissues are damaged. The procedure is carried out in stationary conditions, under anesthesia, in the presence of a resuscitation team. Rehabilitation lasts 1-3 months. The main active ingredient of the drug is phenol. Its use in the neck, chest, back is fraught with the appearance of scars.

Immediately after the session, the face swells, becomes covered with bright red spots, crusts. The particles that have become keratinized after peeling are categorically not recommended to be torn off – this leads to scarring. Within a month, the redness does not disappear, in the second month the face becomes pale pink, after which it acquires a normal appearance.

From the effectiveness of deep cleaning distinguish:

• pronounced facelift;
• wrinkle smoothing;
• healthy radiance of the face;
• removal of age spots.

Of the negative points worth highlighting:

• hyperpigmentation;
• the likelihood of an infectious process, inflammation;
• manifestation of allergies;
• the presence of scars and scars.

Beauticians do not recommend deep cleansing for herpes, renal failure, diseases of the urinary, cardiovascular system. The penetration depth of the active substances determines the duration of recovery and rehabilitation.

Mechanical peeling

Types of facial peelings in cosmetology differ among themselves by the methods and application of
various techniques. Mechanical cleansing occurs by spraying abrasive particles onto the skin using special equipment. This helps to remove dead cells, cleanse the dermis, restore elasticity, smooth wrinkles and scars, whiten pigmentation.

Scrubbing

Scrubs act as mechanical cleaners. Dead cells are removed through the abrasive particles that make up cosmetic products.

For facial skin, use soft exfoliants like:

• finely divided plant powders;
• clay;
• mixtures with lumps of wax;
• seaweed.

The use of coffee, stone fruit, sugar, salt scrubs is suitable for cleaning hands, feet, back, chest. Wrong selection of scrub is fraught with excessive sensitivity, dehydration, rosacea. The purpose of mechanical action is to remove the upper layer of the epidermis using solid microparticles.

During cleansing, the skin is sanded, pores are tightened, acne is removed. Beauticians do not recommend using scrubs for sensitive and dry dermis. Soft scrubbing can be used at home. The frequency of use of the scrub should be no more than 1-2 times a week. During this time, the skin is cleansed, the cells have time to renew.

Products with coral chips have a surface-median mechanism of exposure and should only be used in the cosmetologist’s office.

Brushing

For deep cleaning use special equipment, a variety of tools and appliances. Using special nozzles, the device makes rotating movements to remove dead particles of the epithelium. Beauticians use a variety of sponges, pumice, nozzles of various degrees of hardness and size in their work.

Brashing is used for:

• normalization, activation of blood circulation, improvement of metabolic processes;
• painless removal of wrinkles, scars;
• skin saturation with oxygen;
• removal of black spots, fatty deposits, dirt particles;
• freckle whitening, pigmentation.

The use of brashing is recommended for:

• age spots;
• clogged, contaminated pores, black spots, comedones;
• gray-yellow shade of the skin, tuberosity, uneven skin relief;
• scars, wrinkles;
• moisture deficiency in epithelial cells.

With a delicate cleansing method, the effectiveness of the procedure is manifested in a deep effect on the cover without much risk.

Microdermabrasion

Dermabrasion is based on a soft, painless cleansing of the face from the stratum corneum, stimulation of regenerative processes. A special apparatus is used for cleaning. With the help of microcrystals of aluminum oxide, epithelial tissues are exfoliated, the epidermis is ground, as a result of which it is leveled and smoothed.

After 5 treatments, a rejuvenating, lifting effect is observed. After cleaning, wrinkles are smoothed out, age-related hyperpigmentation decreases, and the production of collagen with elastin is stimulated. The procedure is painless and safe. Immediately after peeling, the doctor treats the skin with the help of special serums with a regenerative effect.

Microdermabrasion is prohibited if a person:

• hypersensitivity to the active drug;
• there is rosacea or dermatosis;
• there are inflammatory, allergic diseases.

To restore the upper layer of the dermis will take 9-10 days. Subsequent procedures must be carried out no earlier than two weeks later.

Chemical peeling

The technology is based on the use of chemicals, acids. During the session, the skin receives burns, the upper layer dies, giving way to deep cellular layers.

Most often, chemical peeling is prescribed for:

• problem skin;
• acne, acne;
• age spots;
• loss of elasticity;
• photoaging;
• deep, enlarged pores;
• wrinkles;
• dullness of the dermis.

Purification occurs through various acids such as glycolic, lactic, salicylic. Upon contact with the epidermis, they corrode dead cells, accelerate their renewal. Depending on the composition, the product eliminates external defects. Due to the stressful atmosphere during the session, the skin turns on its protective mechanism, thereby accelerating regeneration.

Enzyme

Of all chemical peels, it delicately and gently cleanses the epidermis. Enzymes (special enzyme substances) in the composition of the cleansing mixture improve the state of the endocrine, immune system, improve blood circulation, and make the skin more elastic. The cleaning procedure is suitable for any type of epidermis, deeply cleanses pores, and prevents acne.

The effect is visible after the first session:

• the skin is cleansed, acquires smoothness;
• relief is smoothed out;
• pigmentation bleached;
• scars are removed;
• complexion improves.

All subsequent cleaning will consolidate the success, maintain a healthy state of epithelial tissues. When combining peeling with daily cleansing and moisturizing procedures, a month later the result will be noticeable.

Acid

Cleansing the dermis with glycolic, lactic, salicylic, fruit acids is used for:

• removal of dead particles;
• elimination of external defects;
• stimulation of protective mechanisms;
• production of collagen and elastin fibers.

Chemical acids destroy dead cells, remove fat deposits. In the process of cleaning, regenerative processes are activated that accelerate the restoration and healing of tissues.

The most popular are cleaning mixtures containing glycolic, lactic, pyruvic, citric acid. They are suitable for any type of dermis. A fatty type of epidermis is suitable for a mixture with almond, salicylic, azelaic acids. Dry skin is cleaned with lactic, glycolic acid.

Combined

The combination of several acids can cope with several problems. It is important to choose the right proportions of active substances, otherwise you can aggravate the problem, burn the skin. The most common peeling formulations are alpha hydro acids, beta hydro acids.

Alpha-hydro acids (ANA) do not cause burns, exfoliate horny scales, interact with intercellular contacts in the dermis. A high level of ANA is dangerous by epidermolysis, but the level of trauma to epithelial tissues is much lower than with other cleaning technologies.

Standard Chemical Peeling Protocol

The chemical cleaning protocol is carried out in stages:

• first remove makeup, c
  leanse the epidermis;
• apply the active component to the skin with a cotton pad;
• maintain the product on the skin according to the time specified in the instructions;
• neutralize acid with a special alkaline composition, rinse with water;
• apply a soothing and warming mask, wash it off;
• apply nourishing or moisturizing cream to dry skin.

Acidic cosmetic face peelings are not performed in late spring and summer, because of strong sun exposure, age spots may form.

The procedure is not performed for eczema, herpes, psoriasis, allergic reactions, injuries and damage to the dermis. It is strongly not recommended to carry out cleaning during pregnancy.

Hardware Peeling

It is carried out by a special apparatus with a liquid solution that helps to eliminate dead epithelium. Cleansing does not cause pain, discomfort, does not provoke the manifestation of allergies. Possible increased sensitivity immediately after the session.

During cleaning, the following occurs:

• stretch marks, scars;
• acne, acne;
• wrinkles, age-related changes;
• freckles
• bruising, swelling;
• seborrheic dermatitis.

Carrying out hardware manipulations is prohibited when:

• diseases of ENT organs;
• viral, infectious pathologies;
• formations of unknown origin.

With the correct mechanical effect on the epidermis, cells are renewed, pores are smoothed, lymph outflow improves, and metabolic processes are accelerated. Hardware manipulations are carried out on any type of dermis.

Ultrasonic

With superficial ultrasonic cleaning, the dead epithelium is removed, and the pores are cleaned. Ultrasound is used to prepare the dermis for manual cleaning, mesotherapy, massage, and care programs. But can be used as an independent procedure.

The mechanism of action is an ultrasonic wave emanating from the device. Sound waves drive out fat accumulations, particles of dirt, dust. Due to the effect of cavitation, airless bubbles form in the surface of the epidermis. This softens and loosens the epidermal tissues.

The procedure is used in case of photoaging, peeling, dryness, dull, oily, combination skin. The session is not carried out with individual intolerance to the components of the product, pregnancy, high temperature, abrasions, scratches, infectious and inflammatory processes.

Laser

Occurs with the help of laser beams. The result is determined by the type of exposure, the depth of penetration of the beam into the tissue. Laser types of face peels vary.

Laser peeling can be:

• cold – affects the upper layer of the dermis. In cosmetology it is used for layer-by-layer tissue removal without preliminary heating of the lower cells. The skin after the session becomes smooth, matte, velvety;
• hot – the horny layer is cleansed. With layer-by-layer tissue removal, the underlying structures warm up, metabolic processes are stimulated. After cleaning, the elasticity of the dermis increases, small, median wrinkles are smoothed out;
• in the form of laser resurfacing – penetrates into the deep layers of the epidermis. Destroying the old base of the dermis with a laser beam, the cells are renewed, collagen and elastin fibers begin to be synthesized. As a result of cleansing, a rejuvenating, lifting effect is observed.

Laser peeling is not performed for oncological, cardiovascular diseases, infectious processes, pregnancy, autoimmune diseases.

Vacuum

Occurs with the use of an apparatus that creates a vacuum effect in contact with the epidermis. As a result, the pores are cleaned, the tone increases, and the skin color improves. The procedure is widely used to clean individual areas. The manipulation is painless, takes 15-20 minutes, does not cause addiction and deterioration of the epidermis after termination of the sessions.

Vacuum cleaning is not carried out with:

• acute dermatitis, chronic skin diseases in the acute stage;
• viral infections like herpes;
• pink eels;
• rosacea, fragility of capillaries and other vascular pathologies;
• increased dryness, sensitivity of the dermis.

Beauticians recommend vacuum peeling for adult skin. Thanks to improved lymphatic drainage, blood circulation, metabolic processes are accelerated, toxins and free radicals are eliminated.

Which option to choose

The main task of salon cleaning is to remove dead skin along with the upper part of the epidermal tissues. Due to this, the skin is updated, external imperfections are eliminated. Below are examples of popular peelings.

Type of procedure	Type of exposure	Active components	the effect
Acid	For top layer	The active components are lactic, malic, grape, citric acid. Suitable for sensitive type of dermis	The complexion is leveled, wrinkles are eliminated, the relief is smoothed.
Glycolic	Superficial-median, depending on the concentration of the main substance	The main ingredient is glycolic acid.	Suitable for narrowing pores, eliminating freckles, blackheads, body fat.
For problem skin	Median	Acne and acne are dried using salicylic acid.	It tightens pores, prevents the formation of blackheads, stabilizes the production of subcutaneous fat, and has a whitening effect.
Bleaching	Surface effect	Retinoic acid	There is a stimulation of regenerative and metabolic processes, wrinkles are smoothed, the face is tightened.
Laser	Deep	Laser radiation	Suitable for dealing with age-related changes, tattoos. It is carried out only as prescribed by a dermatocosmetologist in a hospital using painkillers.
Mechanical	Deep	Using special equipment	Eliminates scars, scarring, deep wrinkles. It is carried out exclusively in a hospital under local anesthesia.

Where better to do

Surface peels using light formulations can be used at home. This applies to scrubbing and vacuum manipulation. Salon face cleaning differs in the degree of skin damage, purpose, use of special devices.

You can get a full, safe cleaning only in the conditions of a cosmetology clinic. The selection of the procedure is carried out by a dermatocosmetologist. When choosing a salon, one should rely on the composition of the preparations, the availability of product licenses, diplomas and the work experience of the master.

Peeling price in a beauty salon

The average cost of surface peelings to eliminate pollution, open pores, moisturize the skin is $ 5 – $ 7. Cleansing the middle and deep exposure using quality products costs from $ 20 – $ 41.

Anti-aging types of face peels cost from $ 34. The price of complex procedures in cosmetology varies from $ 37 – $ 68. According to the doctor’s prescription, the cosmetologist will select an individual composition for rejuvenating, moisturizing the epidermis, eliminating skin defects.

Video about peeling types and seasonality of their application

What you need to know about peelings: